All the people are connected with each other through the network called
Internet from all over the world.
Right now you are reading this post has been
possible only because of the network called Internet.
But have you ever wondered what is Internet? Who owns the Internet? Whatare the advantages and disadvantages of internet? What is the history of the
Internet? In today's time, everywhere you will get internet in one or the
other f. Now, without which we keep using it all the time, none of our work can
be completed, so it is very important for us to be fully aware of it.
What is Internet?
Internet is the most modern system of information technology. The Internet is the world's largest network, you can tell it a world-class group of different computer networks. Thousands and millions of computers in this network are connected with each other from all over the world. It is a global computer network, which provides many types of information and communication facilities. Basically, it is a very large network of interconnected networks.
Computers are usually connected to the Internet via a telephone line. But apart from this, there are many more modern means through which computers can be connected to the Internet. The Internet is not owned by any company or government, rather it has many servers connected to it, which can be from many different institutes or companies. There are some popular internet services like - gopher, FTP - File Transfer Protocol, WWW - World Wide Web, all of which are used to get information on the Internet.
The World Wide Web (WWW) was first used on 6 August 1991. Mosaic was the first Graphical Web Browser to be used on the World Wide Web, developed in 1993 by Mark Anderson. In 1993 CERN - European Organization for Nuclear Research made the World Wide Web available to the public for absolutely free use. Internet service was launched in India on 15 August 1995 by Videsh Sanchar Nigam Limited (VSNL).
A L S O R E A D - Advantages and Disadvantages of Internet - Pointwise
History of Internet
Although it was not a matter of a single person to invent the Internet, but Professor GC Licklider (1962) first gave the idea to establish the Internet. And for this reason, they are also considered as the "father of the Internet". The Internet was launched in 1969 by the US Department of Defense with the development of ARPANET - Advanced Research Project Agency Net. Arpanet is said to be the world's first network.
In 1973, it expanded to England and Norway. In 1974, it was made available to the general public, known as Telnet. In 1982, the general rules for the network were called Protocol. These protocols were known as TCP / IP (Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol).
ARPANET was used for research and development work in the Department of Defense. In 1989, the arpanet was opened to the general public. In 1989 Tim Berners Lee developed Hyper Text Markup Language (HTML). In 1990 ARPANET was abolished and the Internet developed. The World Wide Web was also proposed by Tim Berners Lee in 1989. For this reason, England scientist Tim Berners Lee is considered the father of the World Wide Web.
The World Wide Web (WWW) was first used on 6 August 1991. Mosaic was the first Graphical Web Browser to be used on the World Wide Web, developed in 1993 by Mark Anderson. In 1993 CERN - European Organization for Nuclear Research made the World Wide Web available to the public for absolutely free use. Internet service was launched in India on 15 August 1995 by Videsh Sanchar Nigam Limited (VSNL).
A L S O R E A D - Importance of Science and Technology
Who wons internet
Internet is created by connecting many small and large computer networks around the world through various communication mediums. Internet works on the Client-Server Model. Every computer connected to the Internet is connected to a server and all the servers in the world are connected by various communication mediums. The server provides the requested information or data to its connected user (Client). If the information or data sought is not available with that server, it identifies the server where this information is available and requests the information to be provided from that server.
For data transfer between computers connected to the Internet, it is necessary that all networks use the same rules or protocols. Through the second level of rules of TCP / IP, it became easier to exchange information through Open Architecture Networking. In this, packet switching is used to exchange information in which packets of information are made and transported from one place to another.
Because of this, the same communication medium can be used by different users. This allows computers around the world to exchange information even without being directly connected to each other.
Hey look, to connect a computer to the Internet, we have to hire an Internet Service Provider. The computer is connected to the Internet Service Provider's server by telephone line or wireless technology. For this, we also have to pay some fees to Internet service providers like in India - Jio, Airtel, BSNL, etc.
1. ISOC (Internet Society)
It is a non-profit international institution formed in 1992 to develop standards, protocols, and policies related to the Internet and educate people in this regard.
2. Internet Architecture Board (IAB)
The institute undertakes the technical and engineering development required for the Internet under the rules laid down by the Internet Society (ISOC).
3. ICANN (Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers)
This organization, established in 1998, is responsible for providing IP address and domain name and determining its standards on the Internet.
4. Domain Name Resistrars
Some NGOs provide domain names, known as domain name registrars, for use of the Internet as per the standards set by ICANN. Different domain name registrars ensure that each person or organization is provided with a unique domain name on the Internet. The domain name registrar is determined by the ICANN or Country Code Top Level Domain (CCTLD).
5. IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force)
The objective of this institution is to develop and encourage the use of Internet standards.
6. W3C (World Wide Web Consortium)
It is an international organization that works under the leadership of Tim Berners Lee, the father of the World Wide Web. It was formed in 1994. This institution sets standards for the use of the World Wide Web.
Protocols Used on Internet
To make possible the error-free exchange of information between two or more computers in any network, it is necessary that both computers follow the same rules and parameters. The set of rules and standards are called protocols. Some popular protocols used in computer networks: -
What is TCP/IP?
TCP/IP is the most popular protocol used on the Internet. Its full name is TCP/IP - Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol. Let us tell you that the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and Internet Protocol (IP) are two different protocols. But they are used together so they are collectively called Internet Protocol Suite. Using this, communication is established between two computers and servers on the Internet.
TCP/IP is the communication protocol of the Internet. The transmission control protocol uses packet switching technology. When any information or data is sent over the Internet by a computer or server, the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) divides that information into small units. In groups are called packets.
Internet Protocol (IP) assigns a specific address to each packet and decides their path to reach the destination. Not necessarily all the packets of a single information reach the destination by the same route, but also it can reach its destination by different paths. A network-connected router (Router) helps each packet reach its destination. If a communication medium malfunctions, then the data packets are sent to the destination through the available Optional Communication Medium.
SMTP - Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
It is the most popular protocol used for email on the Internet. This protocol is used to send messages from the client's computer to the email server and then from the server to the Receiver.
HTTP - HyperText Transfer Protocol
It is the most popular protocol used to send Hyper Text Documents from one place to another on the World Wide Web (www). The transfer of a web page from a web server to a user is done by this protocol. HTTP works on the Client-Server Principle. In this, a computer connects to another computer and requests to send files or data. To which the other computer accepts that request and sends the relevant information back.
FTP - File Transfer Protocol
It is a protocol used on the Internet that is used to transfer files between a computer and a server connected to the Internet. The file can contain data, text, graphs, images, audio, and video. Login is established by login with Remote Computer for file transfer. The file is then uploaded or downloaded. File transfer requires the user to have access to a remote computer.
Gopher
It is a protocol software that makes it possible to search, retrieve, and display documents from the remote computer via the Internet.
Telnet
The Telecommunication Network uses two remotely connected computers by Telecommunication Network to connect remote computer data and files through a Telenet protocol software program. It is also called Remote Log-in. Through Telnet, we use remote computers as if sitting in front of the same computer. In this, the command typed on the local computer is executed by the remote computer and the processing and the results of the remote computer are seen on the monitor of the local computer.
Uses of Internet
By the way, in today's modern era Internet is used in every field. There will be no area where there is no internet access. Internet is used in the following areas: -
Research
Internet is basically the biggest combination of networks where data is available in lakhs & crores. People also use the Internet for their research. With the help of internet, any type of data like - texts, files, documents, books, tools, etc. can be find.
Education
With the aid of the internet, education can also be carried out. Nowadays, on the Internet, several online courses are available from which you can learn any skill. On the internet, you can find online courses and seminars from which you can learn a lot and even attend live classes.
Electronic mail
People send their messages to others through email. Earlier, it used to take a lot of time for people to get their message from one place to another. But it was made easy with the help of internet. Now with the help of internet, people are able to share their messages with each other immediately through e-mail.
Shopping
The world is also changing with technology, now gone are the days when you had to roam in the markets and shops to do shopping. Now, if you want to buy something, you can buy it with the aid of the internet from your house. On the Internet, you can order your desired products online.
Job
With the help of internet, you can find and apply for your favorite job. There are many websites and apps on the Internet from where you can also find a job for yourself, and if you want an employer, you can also provide a job.
Electronic News & Magazines
With the help of internet, you can watch and read news in any language, as well as you can read magazines, books, etc. from here. You can find several news websites here, from where you want all the news, politics, sports, entertainment, weather, breaking news, etc. All breaking news is easy to watch or read.
Download & Upload
You can download or upload anything you like from the Internet. Here you will find many such websites, from where you can download movies, songs, videos, files, documents, etc. Apart from this, you can also upload images, files, etc. to the Internet.
Friendship
On the internet, there are several social media sites where you can make new friends and communicate with your old friends. Via video calls, voice calls, texting, or making new friends via social networking sites like Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, etc., you can communicate with your friends.
What is WWW (WWW - World Wide Web)
It is also called W3 or Web. This is the most popular service available on the Internet. It is a very large group of information linked by hyperlink, which can be obtained with the help of a web browser on internet. The World Wide Web is a network in which information collected on different computers is linked to each other with the help of HyperText Documents. HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol) is used to transmit this information from one place to another.
The World Wide Web (www) has facilitated the exchange of information on the Internet and has transformed the Internet into an "Information Highway". Every single page stored in the World Wide Web (www) is called Web Page. These web pages are created using HTML (HyperText Mark-up Language) and linked to each other by Hyperlink. The place where these web pages are stored and kept is called a website.
Differences between www & Internet
The popularity of the Service World Wide Web (www) available on the Internet can be gauged from the fact that the World Wide Web and the Internet are commonly used in the same sense. But in reality, www is a service based on the internet. Some of the fundamental differences between the World Wide Web and the Internet are as follows:-
i) Internet is an International Communication Network that interconnects small and large computer networks spread across the globe using hardware and software.
ii) Internet Protocol Suite (TCP / IP) is used for the Internet while the World Wide Web uses Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP).
iii) Internet Service Provider has to pay a fee for using the Internet whereas the World Wide Web is a free service available on the Internet.
iv) Internet works in coordination with both hardware and software whereas the World Wide Web uses only different software.
v) The World Wide Web is a service and Internet is the medium to access it.
What is IP Address?
Every computer or device connected to the Internet is given a special Numerical Address for its identity, which is called IP Address. This numerical address is provided by the Internet service provider when connected to the Internet. No two computers connected to the Internet around the world can have the same IP address. The IP address assigns a unique identity to each computer connected to the Internet.
IP Address gives a separate identity to all computers connecting to the Internet. This includes the name of the protocol used by the computer or device and its location on the network. Internet Service Provider (ISP) provides Permanent IP Address to a computer, it is called Static IP Address. If a new IP address is given every time a computer connects to the Internet, it is called Dynamic IP Address.
What is DNS - Domain Name System
Every computer or device connected to the Internet is given a Special Numerical Address by the server, which is called IP Address. Remembering these addresses is a difficult task. The computer server can only identify a numeric address with a binary number. The Domain Name System (DNS) is used to solve this problem. The domain name system converts IP addresses made up of numbers into domain names made up of words that are easy to remember and use. The Domain Name System (DNS) consists of a collection of all domain names and their associated IP addresses.
When we type the domain name of a website on a Web Browser, the Domain Name System (DNS) converts it to a numeric address (IP Address) so that the server can identify and connect to the computer. Domain names are not Case Sensitive, meaning they get the same result when typing in any of the Capital Letters or Small Letters.
Domain Name
Each website in the network is given a unique name which is the address of that website. The domain name of any two websites cannot be the same. The Domain Name System (DNS) server identifies the website by changing the domain name to an IP address. The domain name includes the website name and extension. Each website has its own different name, while Extension can be one of the few fixed options.
Example: door2tech.com | Google.com | Techyukti.com, etc. The domain name and the extension are separated by a dot (.). In the example, .com, .gov, .in Extension are preceded by a domain name. Before adding the domain name of any website to a web browser, www is added to it. If it is not typed in the address bar of the web browser, then it attaches itself to the web browser.
Benefits of Internet
➧ With the help of internet, your message can be sent instantly from one place to another via email.
➧ Through this, we can easily pay all our bills sitting at home. Through internet, we can pay online mobile recharge, telephone bill, DTH bill, electricity bill, etc.
➧ Through this, we can also do online shopping at home. With the help of internet, we can easily buy any goods online from home.
➧ Through this, every type of information can be found and researched.
सोशल Through social media on the Internet, we can connect with our friends, and can also make new friends.
➧ Chat Chatting, Voice Calling, as well as Video Calling, can also be done with anyone with the help of internet.
➧ Through this, you can watch movies online, download videos and songs. Apart from this, online games can also be played.
➧ One of the biggest advantages of this is that here you get easy answers to all kinds of questions.
Disadvantage of Internet
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So friends, now you have learned what is internet?, how does internet work? history of internet? its benefits? And so on. I hope you liked the post. And you have understood all the things I have said. If you still have any questions, you can ask us by commenting. If you liked the post, please share this post with all your friends on social media and SUBSCRIBE to our YouTube channel.
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